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4300 BC Babylonian clay tablets from this time depict brewing and show detailed recipes for beer.
1600 BC An Egyptian text from this period contains 100 medical prescriptions that call for beer.
1200 AD Beer-making is firmly established as an important commercial enterprise
in Germany,
Austria and England.
1420 German brewers begin to make lager.
1516 Germany's "Reinheitsgebot" purity law takes effect (it states that
the only ingredients permitted
for brewing beer are water, malted barley, malted wheat, hops and
water).
1602 Dr. Alexanders Nowell discovers that ale will keep longer if stored
in glass bottles, sealed with
corks.
1620 The Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock, bringing beer with them.
1623 The New World's first brewery is built in Manhattan.
1786 Molson, the oldest surviving brewery in the New World, is founded.
1788 Ale is proclaimed "the proper drink for Americans" at a huge parade in New York City.
1789 In the first year in which the U.S. Constitution is effective, James
Madison proposes in Congress
that a duty of 8-cents per barrel be levied on malt liquors in the
hope "that this low rate will such an
encouragement as to induce the manufacture of beer in every State in the
Union."
1810 Oktoberfest is established in Munich as an official citywide celebration.
1842 The first clear, golden-hued lager is produced in the town of Pilsen
in Bohemia. (The town was
granted brewing rights by King Wenceslas in 1295.)
1850's The modern era of brewing in the U.S. begins to take shape as German
immigrants bring a love
of lager and the technological expertise to make it to their new land.
By the late 1800's, aided by the
development of commercial refrigeration, automatic bottling and pasteurization,
the modern era of
big brands is in full swing.
1860's The first federal excise tax on beer was imposed as a "temporary"
measure to help the Union
during the Civil War.
1876 Louis Pasteur publishes Studies on Fermentation-The Diseases of Beer,
Their Causes, and
Means of Preventing Them.
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